IMPACT FACTOR: 1.2
Short Name: J Vet Med Animal Sci
ISSN: 2640-1223
Publisher: MedDocs Publishers LLC
Coccidiosis is an intestinal protozoan parasitic disease and it is one of the major constraints to sheep producing countries worldwide. This case report describes the clinical case of ovine coccidiosis. A 6-month-old lamb was examined on March 26, 2024, at Gununo veterinary clinic, WolaitaSodo. The lamb displayed fever (40.9℃), straining with eversion of the rectum and painful vocalization.
The objective of this study was to know the infestation of ectoparasites in the Sahelian goat in the urban area of Abéché. The study was carried out between May and July 2023 on thirty-two (32) farms located in the Sika, Kaminé, Goz-Amir, Salamat and Djatinié districts for a sample of two hundred and fifty-nine (259) goats. Of the 259 goats examined, 138 are carriers of ectoparasites with a prevalence of 53.28%.
A food contaminant refers to any substance that is present in the food and can potentially cause harm to the consumers. The Food contaminants may be biological, chemical, or physical in nature. They can be naturally occurring in the food material or introduced during the food production, handling, or storage.
The utilization of legumes in animal diets and the adoption of vegetarian diets in certain human populations have led to a rise in the worldwide consumption of phytoestrogens. Consequently, the effects of these compounds have also increased in both animals and humans.
Fluoride is commonly found in varying amounts in various environments, such as soil, water, and air, naturally and/or anthropogenically. Prolonged exposure to fluoride in animals through any medium becomes toxic and gradually their health deteriorates and they even develop a serious disease called fluorosis.
This study was conducted in the East and West Hararghe Zones, located in the Oromia regional state of Ethiopia, from April 2022 to October 2022. The primary objective was to assess the prevalence of tick infestation and identify the specific tick genera affecting camels.
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) has caused significant financial losses in the livestock industry. It is attributed to the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV), a member of the Poxviridae family, with the Neethling strain as the original form. LSDV belongs to the Capri poxvirus genus, which also includes the sheep pox virus and goat pox virus.
The increasing number of companion animals in urban areas, primarily cats and dogs, poses serious public health, veterinary, and socioeconomic issues worldwide. The control of parasitic zoonoses is of utmost importance because, despite mass drug administration and preventive measures, they have not been successfully eradicated.
Fasciolosis is a cosmopolitan's disease, its occurrence being dependent on the presence of biotypes suitable for the parasites as well as the snail intermediate host. A cross sectional study was carried out from November 2022 to April 2023 with the objectives of determining the prevalence, risk factor and economic importance of bovine fasciolosis in Gursum woreda municipal abattoir.
Endemic fluorosis in domestic animals is the resultant of chronic fluoride intoxication. Animals that are repeatedly exposed to fluoride for a long-time through drinking fluoridated water, fluoridated food, and industrial fluoride pollution or air-borne fluoride emissions tend to suffer from this dangerous disease.
Lumpy skin disease is an emerging infectious disease of cattle caused by lumpy skin disease virus. It is World Organization for Animal Health notifiable list A disease. The disease is endemic in most African countries. It is transmitted primarily by biting insects and its incidence is high during wet seasons.
Lameness is one of the greatest constraints to productivity, health, and welfare of dairy cattle. A cross-sectional study was carried out from March, 2022 to September, 2022 in Hawassa city with the aim of assessing prevalence and identifying associated risk factors of lameness in dairy farms.
Peste des petits ruminants is an acute, contagious, and highly fatal viral disease that affects different animal species which is caused by Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. The genome contains six transcription units encoding in sequential order, the Nucleocapsid (N) protein, the Phospho (P) protein, the Matrix (M) protein, the Fusion (F) protein, the Hemagglutinin (H) protein and the Large (L) protein.
Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), which is caused by larval stages of Echinococcus granulosus is one of the most important and commonly found parasitic zoonoses in both humans and different animals. A cross sectional study was conducted on both local and cross breeds of animals from March 2021 to September 2021 to estimate the prevalence and economic impact of hydatidosis in cattle slaughtered at Haramaya muncipial Abattoir.
A cross sectional study was conducted from November, 2017 to March, 2018 at GoroGutu district, Eastern Hararghe, Oromia regional state to determine the prevalence of thetick infestation and identify the tick species in cattle. During the study period a total of384 cattle were examined and 82.81% (n =318) of them were found infested with tick.
Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses are still remaining a leading cause of high morbidity and mortality in many countries of the world. These diseases constitute the major threats to human health; and are caused by a large number of organisms.
Cryptosporidium is an enteric protozoan organism that causes gastrointestinal disorders in humans and different animals, mainly in calves. The cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2019 to May 2020, to estimate the prevaelence of Cryptosporidium infection in humans and calves and identify risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection in West Shewa.
The study was conducted with the objective of assessing locally available chicken feed resources and feeding trends in Karat zuria district of Konso zone and Derashe special district. Multi-stage sampling techniques were used and a total of 120 respondent farmers from the districts who possess chicken production were involved.
Opossums are synanthropic marsupials that inhabit almost the entire American continent. These animals serve as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens thanks to their evolutionary adaptation and eating habits. The aim of this study was to determine the etiologies of the diseases in these animals. In the present study, 13 opossums were necropsied in Yucatan, postmortem pathological changes were recorded on a data sheet, and photographs of each individual were captured.
The study was conducted with objective of assessing and rank the major livestock feed resources and its constraints in Guji Zone, Southern Oromia. Data was collected by group discussions and structured questionnaire in six districts. Data was collected from both secondary and primary data. A total of two hundred eighty eight (288) respondents were randomly selected and interviewed from districts based upon pre-tested structured questionnaire.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in and around Wolaita Sodo town, Ethiopia, from November, 2019 to April, 2020, to assess smallholder urban and rural dairy farmers' milk hygiene practices and awareness on milk-borne zoo-noses. Data were collected from a total of 125 randomly selected dairy farmers; using structured questionnaire and observation. Regarding to farm ownership 99 farms were owned by private farmers, 24 from cooperatives and the rest 2 farms were from governmental. Farm hygiene, animal hygiene, use of towel for drying teats, wash of hands were taken as a components for milking hygiene practice in selected dairy small holder farmers this study. Association of described hygienic practices was made with parameters such as sex, age, level of education and location of farmers, management systems and farm ownership.
Fish production has a crucial role in food security. However, fish production is decreased by infectious and non-infectious diseases. Parasitic disease is one of the non-infectious diseases that affects the productivity of the fish in the system through decreasing growth rates, spoiling the appearance of fish, lowering the quality and quantity of fish, and low reproduction.
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) may cause major financial damage to farmers. It is a significant barrier to global trade. The Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) is a member of the Capri poxvirus genus. The LSD significantly reduces milk production, which might drop from 10 percent to 85%. Consumption of milk and meat has decreased by 60percent to 70percent in Karachi (Pakistan) as a result of LSD usage. Cattle of all species and ages are affected, although lactating cows and young cattle are more at risk.
Diseases have numerous negative impacts on the productivity and fertility of cattle. Reduced productivity, stunted growth of young animals, and reproductive failure are among the major impediments which wane the economic benefits of cattle producers.
Accurate disease reporting, ideally in near real time, is a prerequisite to detecting disease outbreaks and implementing appropriate measures for their control. Hence, a descriptive case study was used in this study by Purposive sampling of cattle coming to veterinary clinics. Accuracy of EDDIE app compared with conventional (paper-based) of cattle disease diagnosis and reporting in terms of demographics and disease information.
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (Mmm SC). A crosssectional study design was conducted in selected district of East Wollega and West Showa zones of western Ethiopia to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of farmers towards CBPP disease.
Prevalence study of coccidiosis was conducted in Raadeerka, Gubta and Bangalo in deyniile Sub-district, using a cross sectional approach. A total of 120 faecal samples were examined, the overall positive for the parasite was 100% of which, 37.5%, in sheep and 62.5% in goats. Sex and species did not significantly influence (p > 0.05) the trend of infection.
Canine Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (CIPF) is a progressive parenchymal lung disease of unknown origin mainly occurring in old West Highland White Terriers (WHWTs). The objective of this study was to investigate a potential association between fungal infection or sensitization and CIPF. These results suggest that an association between CIPF and active fungal infection is unlikely as fungal DNA was equally amplified from lung of CIPF-affected WHWTs and controls.
The present study was conducted from April 2015 up to the end of November 2015 in the west Hararghe Zone Oromia Region, Eastern part of Ethiopia in and around Anchar district with the aim to know or to determine the prevalence, of bovine fasciolosis in and around Anchar and to recommend the controlling method of fasciolosis in study area. The method employed in the study area was sedimentation technique. A total of 385 were selected randomly from the study populations and from the total examined 79(20.5%) cattle were positives for fasciolosis...
Bovine cysticercosis is economically critical and important parasitic disease due to elegance cestoda, order cyclophyllidea, family taeniidae. Across-sectional survey turned into undertaken with inside the slaughterhouse to look at of the cysticercos bovis in cattle originated from one-of-a-kind localities and to determine the cyst circus bovis in addition to distribution in different organs within infected animals in anchar slaughterhouse. Out of the entire 384 cattle slaughtered and tested at anchar slaughterhouse, seventy nine animals (20.57%) should be positive for C.bovis 20.57%infection. Predilection sites for C...
The cross-sectional study design was conducted to assess the prevalence and potential risk factors associated with bovine babesiosis and to identify the vectors involved in the transmission of these diseases in and around the Wolaita zone, the case district sodozuria, Southern Ethiopia. It was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019...
Climate change has myriad implications for the health of humans, our ecosystems, and the ecological processes that sustain them. Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alter the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over a comparable period...
The immune response is a complex group of defense responses produced in both humans and advanced vertebrates that are involved in the elimination of abnormal somatic cells that develop into cancer. It occurs through the development of immunological memory through extensive effector functions to target and destroy pathogens, or through adaptive immune responses for subsequent defense mechanisms...
The present study was undertaken to investigate the changes in body weight, body measurements, reproductive parameters, hemato biochemical variables, faecal parasitic load and incidence of disease rate in black Bengal female goats (n=60) managed under extensive, semi-intensive and intensive system for evaluating the sustainability and economic viability. The partial budget analysis was done to determine the profitability of farming among the 3 different management systems...
This study investigated the performance of laying birds fed diet containing Fermented Cassava Peel Meal (FCPM) mixed with Palm Oil Sludge (POS). The fermented cassava peel meal was obtained by putting the fresh cassava peels in an air tight polyethene bag for four days to enhance the fermentation process after which it was sundried until the weight becomes constant. Then, the fermented cassava peels were milled to obtain fermented cassava peel meal...
Lack of updated information on the livestock feed resource and utilization practice are major challenges to livestock producers and police makers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted in Derashe special district with aim of assessing the availability of feed resources and feeding practice, chemical composition of major feeds, and major constraints and opportunities for livestock feed production...
A growth experiment was conducted to study productive performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters of broiler chicks fed corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with Moringa Oleifera Leaves Meals (MOLM) under heat stress condition. Three hundred a week-old chicks were randomly assigned to five treatments designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 supplemented with MOLM (0, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5%), respectively...
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the veterinary profession. Practices have struggled to maintain high-quality veterinary care while safeguarding the health and welfare of staff, patients and clients. Reducing hours of operation and triaging appointments based on the severity of a medical problem has significantly decreased the availability of clinic visits for patients with chronic but non-life-threatening conditions, often irritating the most loyal clientele...
The Elephant grass species is among the tropical-grass and have provided high amount biomass to the livestock. Therefore, this study was initiated to evaluate the agronomic parameters and biomass yields of four Elephant grass varieties under rain fed condition in South Omo Zone. The four Elephant grass varieties such as ILRI-16840, Werer-1333, Areka-local and Werer-local were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications per variety...
Food safety remains a major concern for society, applications to protect milk and animal productions from chemical residues by using precise methods to detect the smaller levels of these residues. The identification of DLM and IVM residues in 80 samples (40 each sheep milk and mutton) collected from different area and slaughterhouses shop of wasit was performed...
Background: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) indicated guidelines on the prevention and control of dengue during the COVID-19 pandemic, reinforcing the surveillance and control of its vectors: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.
Objective: To evaluate the larval indices and others entomological indicators in high risk blocks in Havana in order to rationalize the efforts in entomological surveillance, speed.
Objective: In fish feeding formulation, high interest has recently been addressed to protein sources alternative to Fish Meal (FM); nevertheless, the response of digestive enzymes to dietary changes is not fully known. To fill this gap, a study was undertaken in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), to explore the effects on intestinal enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidases A and B, amylase)...
Dairy products are of great importance to the Miser Company for Dairy and Food, Mansoura, Egypt, as they contribute to its development and economic diversification. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the possible environmental impacts caused by the corresponding activities. Thus, the adoption of Cleaner Production (CP) techniques can contribute to improving production processes, as well as providing economic benefits, environmental protection and better working environment.
This review identifies key antibiotic-resistant bacteria in small animals and highlights the importance of antibiotic stewardship programs in small animal practice. The use of antibiotics is crucial in the treatment of infections in small animals; however, their injudicious use has led to increased reports of antibiotic resistance raising significant public health concerns...
Bloat (ruminal tympany) is abnormal distension of the rumen and reticulum caused by excessive retention of the gases of fermentation; either in the form of persistent foam mixed with the rumen contents or as free gas separated from the ingesta. Bloat is a multi-factorial disease, which is mainly caused by legume pasture feed, legume hay feed, high concentrate feed, acidosis and rumenitis and other lesions...
In this study 60 broiler chicken, 7 layer and 11 duck farms of different ages suffering from diarrhea and stunted growth were investigated for Aeromonas species, 9 broiler chicken farms yielded 14 Aeromonas isolates (7 A. caviae, 2 A. hydrophila, 3 A. schubertii and 2 A. trota), 1 layer farm yielded only one A. trota isolate and 2 duck farms produced 2 A. hydrophila isolates. Bacteriological examination of ration and water samples of 50 poultry farms revealed A...
Brucellosis of animal origin is currently in the increase, especially in the developing countries like Nigeria where animals and man share microenvironment together coupled with lack of proper control measures. The disease due to Brucella species has zoonotic implication and is responsible for high economic loss. Brucella spp...
Background: The occurrence of brucellosis in camel might leads to significant economic lose in affected herd and it is associated with human brucellosis in Saudi Arabia due to habit of raw milk consumption. Thus, it is important to monitor the prevalence of Brucella infection to control it and to avoid economic loss..
Dermal denticles or placoid scales can be classified as tooth-like structures that cover the body of the elasmobranchs. Which gives them a rough skin. However, if your skin were devoid of these structural dermal elements, that is, a smooth surface, this would cause turbulence, which would lead to a deficiency in your swimming, ability to protect yourself from biofouling and drag caused by swimming. The denticles are better preserved in fossil records than other structures...
Crop or ingluvies is a muscular pouch like structure acts an important part of digestive tract of avian species, which helps to store the food prior to digestion. Crop infection is very common in pet birds, mostly in baby birds. A 25 days old parrot was presented to TVCC, W.B.U.A.F.S., Kolkata with a history of inappetance from three days, regurgitation and diarrhoea. On the basis of history and clinical examination, the case was diagnosed as crop infection...
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and molecularly identify the species of haemosporidian parasites in village chickens in Gombe State, Nigeria, using microscopy and nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques. Whole blood samples were collected from 1600 village chickens from eight local government areas of Gombe State...
The basis of the state program for the development strategy of the Republic Uzbekistan until 2030 is the long-term improvement of the sanitary, hygienic, biological and nutritional characteristics of food products. In recent years, the market share of counterfeit food products is 7-8% and tends to increase. The largest number of non-standard samples was found among milk and dairy products.
This experiment was conducted to compare growth performance and carcass yield of Arsi-Bale sheep fed various levels of sugarcane bagasse contained diets to determine optimum level of sugarcane bagasse inclusion. The bagasse inclusion levels were 0, 10, 20 and 30% of commonly used diet in T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Thirty-two yearling intact lambs with an initial live weight of 19.8 ± 2.4 kg (mean ± SE) were randomly assigned to four treatments in randomized complete block design....
A cross sectional study was carried out in West Shoa Zone of Oromia regional state in Gindeberet woreda from June 20/2017 to October 2017, Sheep are the most important farm animal in our country, special dominant livestock, providing skin or wool and cash income in addition to food subsistence value obtained from livestock production. However due to the ectoparasite there is loss of skin value, income and wool due to poor management problem...
The present study examined the effect of biological silage additive (Sil-all 4 × 4) on nutritive value, fermentation and physical quality of silages made from maize, sorghum and oat fodders. All the cereal fodders were harvested at 30-35% DM contents and ensiled in laboratory silos as 4 groups; 1) CON without any additive, 2) 8G, the additive was used @ 8 g/ton of fresh forage material, 3) 10G, additive was used @ 10 g/ton, and 4) 12G, additive was used @ 12 g/ton...
Ethiopia is home for huge diversity of livestock and which has taken first position in Africa in its livestock potential. Ethiopia generates income from its livestock in the form of as source of food, cash in the form of foreign currency. Despite its huge livestock potential Ethiopia gained from livestock sector in general and dairy sector in particular is below from existing potential...
Fancy birds in Pakistan and all around world play a pivotal role in the economy and social associations with community. These birds includes pigeons, peacock, ducks, love birds, chicken, doves and parrots. This study is about fancy birds and their parasites that cause different diseases to other birds as well as infection to human beings. Bird’s parasites can be isolated and detected by using different techniques i.e...
Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious, worldwide-distributed significant epidemic viral disease of domestic animals mainly cloven-footed animals including cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, swine and many species of wild ungulates. The present study discuss about the clinical management of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD)...
The goal of this study was to find out how common Toxoplasma gondii infection is in goats and sheep in Peshawar, Pakistan. T. Gondii antibodies were detected in serum using the Indirect Haemagglutination Test (IHA). T. Gondii antibodies were identified in 192 goats (45.71%) out of a total of 420 goats. Male goats had a prevalence of n=49 (28.82%) while female goats had a prevalence of n = 147 (58.80%)...
The purpose of this study was to find out how common Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) was in cattle slaughtered at the Rawalpindi slaughterhouse in Pakistan. n=606 healthy cattle’s sera and Oro-Pharyngeal (OP) fluid were collected. These animals came from ten different livestock markets throughout Punjab. The animals ranged in age from one to fourteen years. FMD virus (FMDV) nonstructural proteins (NSP) and indirect ELISA were used to examine sera...
Twenty growing West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks were allotted to four dietary treatments of five goats each. The goats were fed concentrate supplement diets containing varying levels of bambara nut offals and cereal spent grains at ratios 100:0%, 50:50%, 33:67% and 0:100% for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively at 100 g/goat/day; and Panicum maximum at 250 g/goat/day for 63 days...
Brucellosis is one of the most common bacterial zoonosis in the world. It is caused by Brucella species and is an infectious and contagious disease transmissible to humans and to several animal species. This disease remains one of the neglected diseases in several countries and represents a real public health problem. A cross sectional study was conducted at the Port-Bouët abattoir in order to determine the seroprevalence as well as to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of workers...
The present study was carried out on 10 heads of adult apparently healthy of both sexes of balady dogs. The samples were attended for the anatomical study on the thyrolarngeal region. Characteristic features of the latter were declared out, outer landmarks, superficial and deep anatomical structures as well as their relations. The anatomical work in this study tried to find the guide base for the surgeons during the critical interference in regards to scanty literatures...
Both men and women have a significant contribution to agricultural related activities in the African continent, although the contributions of women are not usually explicitly recognized in official statistics and documents. Like different African countries, Ethiopian women traditionally have been subject to socio-cultural and economic discrimination that resulted in fewer economic and social opportunities than men...
Canine Babesiosis is one of the most common, globally existent, fast spreading tick-borne diseases of haemoprotozoan origin caused by different species of Babesia. The clinical signs appear as a result of hemolysis due to presence of the organism within the erythrocytes. But some species of Babesia may also trigger immune mediated component to anaemia along with severe inflammatory reaction resulting to morbidity and mortality in animals...
The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) was historically a regular feature of zoological collections, but has become less common in zoos in many countries. Historic exhibit designs for polar bears were often small and did not always allow the animals to express much natural behaviour or locomotion. However, advances in polar bear enclosure design, focusing on greater roaming and swimming opportunities, may make the keeping of this species more feasible...
On Dec. 31, 2019. China alerted the world health organization (WHO) to several cases of unusual respiratory illness and phenomenon in humans in Wuhan, a port city of 11 million people in the central Hubei province [1].
Gradually COVID’19 became a pandemic and was identified by the WHO as a communicable disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-2) [2].
A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2013 up to March 2014 to determine the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis and associated economic loss in cattle slaughtered at Kombolcha industrial Abattoir. In this study, a total of 409 cattle from the abattoir were randomly selected and coprologically examined by sedimentation techniques and postmortem examination for fluke identification and count...
Veterinary drugs play an important role in the control and prevention of animal diseases and animal sufferings, however it have the potential to cause harm if it is not used properly. Successful animal health service provision needs the availability of safe, effective and affordable drugs of the required quality and quantity. The available drugs must be prescribed, presented, transported, dispensed, labeled, packaged, measured and used rationally...
Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor is a rare benign but locally aggressive neoplasm characterized by biphasic morphology consisting of a predominant ameloblastomatous proliferation and a less prominent component of basaloid to stellate reticulum cells. The tumour characteristically contains aberrant keratinization, with a variable number of ghost cells and material morphologically resembling dentinoid or osteodentin...
Objective: The spores of Clostridioides difficile can survive on surfaces for several months, and act as a source of new and recurrent infections by fecal-oral route. The objective was to investigate the sporicidal efficacy of Octenidine Hydrochloride (OH) against C. difficile spores on stainless steel surfaces.
Methods: Suspensions containing ~1,000,000 C. difficile (ATCC 1870 and 1805) spores/ml were inoculated on steel discs and treated with 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% of OH in ethanol (70%) for 10 min...
Toddlers, elder persons and immunocompromised persons the most frequent engender of hypersensitivity are some milk components. Several results of experimentations on milk hypersensitive toddler’s serum shown that the caseins proteins manifest the allergic reaction and act as potent allergen. In few cases, α-lactalbumins & β-lactoglobulines also impart the potent role in the hyper allergic situation...
To achieve successful poultry production and welfare, it is critical to understand and control environmental variables. Heat stress is one of the most important environmental stressors that poultry industries face around the world. Heat stress has a variety of negative impacts on broilers and laying hens, ranging from lower growth and egg production to decreased quality and safety of poultry and eggs...
Objective: This study was designed to determine the prevalence and antibiogram of L. monocytogenes from the liver, spleen, ruminal content of cattle and goats and effluent from abattoir/slaughter slabs in Jos, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and 360 samples were collected which include raw liver, spleen, ruminal content and effluent. Statistical test using Pearson’s chi-square test for independence was done to determine the frequency of isolation of L. monocytogenes.
A study was conducted with the objective of evaluating risk factors those play role in the treatment failure of bovine mastitis. During the study, animals were randomly selected from California mastitis test positive cases and assigned to treatment with intramammary infusion (Meltjet, Ashish life science). Both bacteriological and cytological analysis took place to observe change in the somatic cell count and bacteriological status, before and after treatment...
The review addresses issues related to the toxic effect of synthetic pyrethroids (permethrin, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zetacypermethrin, esfenvalerate), neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and thiacloprid) and pesticides from the group of organophosphorus compounds. In the pathogenesis of poisoning with these pesticides, local and systemic effects on organs and tissues, general intoxication, and a detrimental effect on the immune and reproductive systems of mammals can be distinguished...
A cross-sectional study was carried out in east wellaga zone of Oromia region from November 2018 to April 2019 to determine the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis specifically in and aroud Nekemte town. A total of 384 fecal samples were randomly collected directly from the rectum of individual animals analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Parasitological investigation was performed using sedimentation technique. From a total of 384 cooprologically examined sheep, 126 animals were found positive for fasciolosis with an overall prevalence of 32.8%...
It is common practice in zoological collections to house lions (Panthera leo) in prides, yet other felid species are typically housed in pairs or singly. This study investigated the effects of group-housing on a pride of 21 lions, and 10 tigers (Panthera tigris) at the Fasano Zoo, Italy. Both species were housed in large, safari-style exhibits, allowing animals to either interact with or avoid conspecifics...
Context and aims: Normal coagulation parameters are vital for evaluating and understanding clinical manifestation of hemorrhagic diseases.
Methods: Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the interspecies and intersex differences in certain coagulation parameters in three gazelle species namely Idmi (n=16), Reem (n=36), Erlangeri gazelles (n=22) and she-camel (n=20).
TThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prebiotic role of chitosan oligosaccharides on health status, blood chemistry and diarrheal patterns in neonatal calves. A total of 50 local shahiwal crossbreed female calves aged 1 to 5 days whose initial body weight (24 + 1.0 kg) more or less similar were randomly allocated into two (n=25) experimental groups...
Strangles is a highly contagious and serious infection of horses and other equidae caused by the bacteria S. equi. Strangles is characterized by abrupt onset of fever followed by upper nasal respiratory tract catarrh, as evidence by mucopurulent nasal discharge and acute swelling with subsequent abscess formation in submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes...
This experiment was conducted to check the efficacy of Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) and Tulsi leaves (Ocimum sanctum) extract supplementation in drinking water as a growth promoter in broiler chickens. A total No. of 20 day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks was properly reared and after seven days of acclimatization chicks were randomly divided into two groups, A and B. The group A (n=10) was kept as a control and not treated...
The tawny frogmouth (Podargus strigoides) is an insectivorous bird found throughout Australia and Tasmania. The nocturnal habits of this species make them a challenging subject for wild behavioral research. Captive studies may therefore help to fill a knowledge gap in the 24-hour activity budget for this species. To investigate the behavior of captive frogmouths, we used nocturnal cameras on a pair, trio and group of five birds held at two zoological collections in the United Kingdom...
Objective: This study was to assess impacts of including 10% defatted microalgae (Nannochloropsis oceanica, 45% crude protein and 3.8% ether extract) into a corn-soybean meal basal diet for broiler chickens on apparent retention and ileal digestibility of nutrients.
Procedures: Day-old hatchling Cornish Giant cockerels were divided into two groups (6 cages/group, 6 chicks/cage) and fed either the basal (control) or the microalgae-supplemented (microalgae) diet for 6 weeks.
This paper outlines the development of a value co-creation framework for the management of service quality in the animal healthcare sector. A mixed-methods approach that combined depth interviews and a survey (n=663) was utilised. The research found that the key dimensions of value co-creation in the animal healthcare sector are Interaction, Access, and Location and that there are statistically significant relationships between service quality and a number of underlying value co-creation variables...
Background: Retained Fetal Membrane (RFM) is among of the most common disorders affecting reproduction of dairy cattle. It has subsequent adverse effect on milk production, delays uterine involution, predispose cows to endometritis and decreased fertility. The present study was carried out to investigated the incidence, risk factors, reproductive and financial losses and subsequent reproductive effects associated with RFM in three dairy herds in Tanzania.
This study was designed to assess the population status of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout), Salmo trutta (brown trout) and Schizothorax plagastimous (swati fish) in river Swat. Data were collected from four subareas (SAs) namely Madyan (SA1), Mankiyal (SA2), Kalam (SA3) and Mahoo Dhand (SA4). Fishes captured with electrofisher were identified morphologically and the wet weight and body length were determined...
Aflatoxins are metabolites produced by different kinds of fungi (Penicilium sp, Aspergillus sp, Fusarium sp), which can be toxic for different animal species and even for humans. In order to determine the presence of aflatoxins in commercial dog food, sold and marketed in Toluca City, Mexico, 20 samples were collected and processed through thin layer chromatography (qualitative test), with the Stoloff method. Results were expressed through non-parametric statistics...
Context: The baseline survey was carried out for the selection of farmers/beneficiaries with the socio-demographic scenarios. The action research is to understand and compare effectiveness and impact of the Goat & Sheep rearing and fattening model for poverty reduction of smallholder farmers.
Objectives: A Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) guided focused ultrasound system with a robotic device with 4 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) has been developed. The device has been developed for preclinical use on animals and can fit in commercial MRI scanners up to 7 T. The transducer operates at 1.1 MHz and hence can be used for deep tissue ablation, drug delivery or opening of the blood brain barrier.
The purpose of this research is to characterize uranium exposure and accumulation with respect to sheep grazing on or near abandoned uranium mine sites on the Navajo Nation. The study hypothesizes lower uranium levels would be observed in sheep grazing in non-mining areas compared to those grazing in mining areas. Hearts from ten different sheep, five from each site, were analyzed for uranium content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
An eukaryotic expression Plasmid (pXL) and a replication-defective human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) carrying the coding sequence of mature VP2 protein from Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) were constructed and the evaluation of their immunogenicity was carried out in the murine model. These novel recombinant vectors were able to express VP2 protein in cell cultures and to induce IBDV-seroneutralizing antibodies in mice vaccinated with heterologous prime-boost regimen.
Objective: The objective of this study was (1) to determine the relationship between syringe volume and pressure generated on evacuation and (2) to report the use of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) with a syringe technique to treat a large subcutaneous hematoma of the trunk in a 2-year-old female Holstein heifer.
Methods: (1) One, two, or three syringes of different volumes were attached to a manometer. Syringes were attached to the manometer via connection tubes of different volumes.
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (Mmm SC). A cross-sectional study design was conducted to estimate seroprevalence and associated risk factors and to detect the causative agent of the disease from seropositive animals. Therefore, a total of 576 animals were randomly selected and serum samples were collected and tested with c-ELISA.
Necrotic Enteritis (NE) caused by the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium perfringens is the most common and financially devastating bacterial disease in the poultry industry. The ban imposed by the European Union on the use of antimicrobial growth promoters to prevent and/or treat the NE has led to an increase in both the clinical and subclinical forms of the disease, causing a decrease in the production performances of chickens and, in the most severe cases, to an increase in mortality rate.
The present study aims to investigate the effect of L-carnitine on feed intake, body weight and composition, and Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), in Labrador Retrievers fed high calorie diets. Each dog was sorted into one of three groups providing 0 mg/day, 236 mg/d or 492 mg/d of L-carnitine. Each group was further split into half receiving 110% or 120% of their Maintenance Energy Requirement (MER), assessed in a metabolic chamber at baseline.
Animal Assisted Education (AAE) is a burgeoning field of education. Increasing bodies of studies indicated the positive effect of social functioning, emotion stabling, physiological arousal of AAE in child education. However, the application of AAE faces two significant problems. First, interventions are rarely implemented as designed and, therefore, failed to achieve the intended learning outcomes.
Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major, heterogenous condition with main symptoms of pain and inflammation in the affected joints. In this study, we aim to establish a Monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA) rat model appropriate to assess the effects of supplements on the onset of the mild to moderate osteoarthritis. Design: Different doses of MIA (0.5, 1 and 2 mg) were injected into rats to induce OA-like symptoms.
Thermoregulation is integral to the maintenance of reptile biological function and health, and therefore is a key area of investigation for herpetologists. To investigate the relationship between core body temperature and behaviour, a behavioural study was conducted in which iButton data loggers were placed on a group of captive radiated tortoises (Astrochelys radiata) located at Sparsholt College’s Animal Management Centre, in Hampshire, UK. Correlations between core body temperature and specific behaviours were covered.
Background: Captive stocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were formed in Brazil by inputs of wild and cultured individuals of different origins in the Pacific, with subsequent intense exchange of samples between national shrimp farms. However, a number of pure and isolated founding broodstocks of different origins were maintained as closed lineages for several generations. These lines provide a particularly useful model for detecting genetic-based phenotypic effects, caused by a potential endogamy.
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen with the capacity to grow at low temperatures and the ability to form biofilms. These features are particularly significant to food business operators producing ready-to-eat foods with a long refrigerated shelf-life not undergoing any listericidal treatment before consumption.
Objective: Determination of the morphological characteristics of fish species is essential for the correct identification. The most important of these morphological features is undoubtedly the color properties. The determination of color characteristics by Computer-Based Image Analysis (CBI) rather than individual identification gives more objective and consistent results.
The key to successful research on laboratory animals is their quality. In the conditions of the domestic market of laboratory animals, there are a number of limiting factors, and it is practically impossible to buy animals in the necessary volume. In this regard, our preclinical center is engaged in breeding 11 types of laboratory animals. When preparing laboratory animals, we pay special attention to their health, including preventive measures including insectoacaricide treatment.
Prostate Cancer (PCA) is the most common malignant tumor in urinary system of men in Europe and the United States. It ranks second in male cancer mortality, only behind to lung cancer. Animal model is very important for researching carcinogenesis and testing treatments of prostate cancer. The ideal animal model should be able to effectively simulate the occurrence, development, metastasis and pathophysiological changes of human prostate cancer.
Quality of synovial fluids has been determined about the normal and abnormal vales in adult cattle, but has not been evaluated yet in newborn and growing calves. The purpose of this study was to investigate seven measurement contents of synovial fluids obtained from 40 carpal joints of 20 Japanese black calves; color and turbidity, White Blood Cells (WBC) counts, leukocyte counts, pH values, Mucinous Precipitate Qualities (MPQ), Total Proteins (TP) concentration, and Albumin-Globulin Ratio (AG ratio).
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolism of filamentous fungi, which under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, and found in various foods and feeds, causing negative effect for human and animal health. There are different mycotoxins, which have agricultural and economic importance including aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, fumonisins, tremorgenic toxins, and ergot alkaloids.
An 8-year-old male West Highland white terrier dog presented with a 2-month history of hematochezia. No anemia was evident. The intestinal lesion was imaged as a soft-tissue opacity near the right of the first and second lumbar vertebrae on dorsal radiography, and as a structure of multiple concentric rings on transverse ultrasonography of the right abdomen.
The general aim of this review is to summarize the roles of major hormones in the metabolic adaptations of farm animals. Farm animals maintain their physiological states by release of common hormones such as thyroxin, cortisol, leptin and catecholamine. These hormones influence the effects of the hypothalamus, adenohypophysis, pancreas, kidney, liver and thyroid hormones.
An experimental study was conducted from November 2011 to May 2012 to assess the in-vitro antibacterial effect of Laggera alata and Ehretia cymosa on bacteria isolated from bovine mastitis. The plants/herbs were collected from their natural habitats and processed and extracted with 80% methanol and 95% ethanol.
Toxoplasma gondii is a foodborne zoonotic pathogen that has a worldwide distribution. It cannot be detected macroscopically by traditional meat inspection methods. Instead, serology can be used to assess exposure of pigs to this agent. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of T. gondii in slaughter swine reared in intensive indoor production systems in Portugal.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants in Boloso Sore District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia during November, 2019 to June, 2020. A total of small ruminants 276 (177 sheep, and 99 goats) were included in the study by using simple random sampling. The study showed that the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants in study area was 64.1%.
The intensive use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine has two major consequences, namely antimicrobial resistance and the presence of residues of active molecules in animal products. In the frame of the fight against antimicrobial resistance, the surveillance plan of antibiotics sales is one of the important sources of information used for risk assessment and risk management.
Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (CTVT) occurs mainly in dogs, and is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This report documents the chemotherapeutic protocol that treated effectively a longstanding and metastasized CTVT in a 14 Kg 6-year-old intact Ghanaian indigenous male dog. Grossly, a few ulcerated, mainly subcutaneous, granulomatoid, variably-sized and soft nodular growths at the dorsum of the cervico-thoracic region of body trunk were identified.
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) is caused by a retrovirus. The infected animal is the main source of the virus, and a laboratory diagnostic test is essential for the identification of infected horses when EIA cannot be definitively diagnosed clinically. EIA can be diagnosed based on serology, and serology methods often have limitations due to the uncertainty of sensitivity and specificity estimates.
The experiment was conducted with the objective of to evaluate the comparative feeding value of improved forages as a replacement of concentrate mix with its economic benefits on feed intake, body weight gain and carcass parameters of Afar goats. Twenty five yearling intact male Afar goats with initial mean body weight of 15.05 ± 1.25 (mean ± SD) were used for the experiment in randomized complete block design.
The sector of livestock has not developed well especially in developing country beyond a subsistence type of venture, for different reasons of which animal diseases are among the top factors. Animal health could be managed traditionally via Ethno Veterinary Medicine (EVM) practices, which is a mode of identifying, use and integration of the local knowledge, related skills and custom procedures created by people for purpose of preserving health and welfare of working and productive animals.
Bovines can be exposed to different protozoan parasitic diseases among those diseases bovine babesiosis is one of them, which is caused by babesia spp that are a diverse groups of tick born, obligate intraerythrocytic apicomplexan parasite. The most prevalent spp are babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in which the economic loss can be considerable particularly in developing country.
Growth promoters are substances that are added to feeds as supplement or injection to improve feed utilization and growth of farm animals. Cattle producers use growth promoters to increase growth rates and improve overall efficiency and product quality. The most extensively applied growth promoters are feed additives, anabolic implants (both estrogenic and androgenic), bovine somatotropin, β-agonists and probiotics.
In the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico, Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LCL) is a wild zoonotic disease. The Yucatan deer mouse, Peromyscus yucatanicus, is one of the three known reservoirs of the parasite, Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana. The study of reservoir species is of great importance to understand the immune response of a resistant host and to search for a vaccine.
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) continues to be a source of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately two-thirds of patients found to have PUD are asymptomatic. In symptomatic patients, the most common presenting symptom of PUD is epigastric pain, which may be associated with dyspepsia, bloating, abdominal fullness, nausea, or early satiety. Most cases of PUD are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and/or the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
We describe a case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a free-ranging roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Subject of this paper is an adult male of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), found in Aosta Valley Region (North-west Italy), with an evident swelling at the right mandibular region.
Depression is a common illness worldwide. More than 264 million people are affected. This disease is different from usual mood fluctuations and short-lived emotional responses. Especially when long-lasting and with moderate or severe intensity, depression may become a serious health condition. Seriously, this disease can lead patients to suicide.
Microorganisms colonizing different mucosas can exert diverse type of beneficial effects if they are included in probiotic formula. Then, the objective of this work was to complete the set of probiotic-related characteristics of different lactic acid bacteria strains previously isolated from different bovine mucosas to further include them in a probiotic product.
Cowpea and peanut offal are massively produced in the North region of Cameroon and kept in the fields or sometimes burn after the harvest. They are rich in some interesting nutritive substances (proteins, cellulose, calcium, and phosphorous…) and can be used to boost the growth performances of herbivore animals in dry season or in the area characterized by a scarceness of fresh herbs.
A study was carried out for studying the performance of Sahiwal cattle under tarai conditions based on the records on 204 cows, spread over 15 years (1961-1977) and belonging to 8 sires, in first lactation.
The present study was undertaken in Sahiwal and crossbred cattle for studying the performance of these groups of cattle for Age at First Calving (AFC), first lactation 305 day milk yield (FL305DMY), First Lactation Length (FLL) and First Lactation Peak Yield (FLPY). The effect of sire, genetic group, season, period of calving and age at first calving on these traits were also studied.
Salmonellosis is one of the most important foodborne diseases in the world. Salmonellosis caused by the Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) is an acute or chronic disease in chickens. To investigate host genetic resistance to Salmonella enteritidis, Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) was conducted on 40 SE-inoculated chickens based on a case control design, including 20 resistant and 20 susceptible chickens.
Distal femoral fractures are frequently encountered in young cats and dogs due to road traffic accidents, falling from heights or animal bites. Among the treatment modalities, “Arrow pin technique” is a modified version of application of intramedullary pins for fixation of femoral diaphyseal/ metaphysical (supracondylar) fracture.
Rabies is endemic in Ghana. However, published information on rabies is limited. This study, the first to report on the knowledge, attitudes, practices and perceptions (KAPP) on rabies in Ghana aims at determining the level of these for rabies management and control in 3 districts of the Western Region of Ghana. This would make available baseline data that identify gaps affecting rabies control and prevention practices while providing information for public (mass) communication, control and prevention of rabies targeting both the animal source and the human population-at-risk.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects lactation on lipid profile of yankasa sheep. A total of 10 ewes were used for the study 5 lactating and 5 non lactating. The parameters evaluated include total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol...
Koi Herpesvirus Disease (KHVD) is infectious and acute viraemia of common/koi carp caused by Koi herpesvirus (KHV). In this study, common carp IgM was purified and used to immunize rabbits to prepare rabbit anti-common carp IgM. OD of the rabbit anti-common carp IgM (marked as RACIgM) positive serum at 1:10000 was 0.654, while OD of the negative control was 0.192 tested by direct ELISA...
Small ruminants (sheep and goats) contribute to the self-sufficiency of resource-poor farmers by providing milk, meat, skin, manure and direct cash income. In the absence of sufficient feed supplies and proper health care and management, the productivity of these animals is very low. ...
An early pregnancy was determined through plasma progesterone concentration in Kamori goat, under semi-intensive management condition. Thirty adult normal cycling Kamori goats were selected and divided in to three equal (N-10) treatment groups and synchronized with different estrus synchronization protocols.....
In the present experiment, the black mollies Poecilia sphenops brought from the local market were fed with naturally prepared diets such as Diet 1, Diet 2, Diet 3 and also with commercially available diet Osaki fish food (pet store food). The weight, fork length and whole length of the fishes were determined once in every ten days. After fifty days, the fishes were sacrificed and dried in hot air oven and analysed for energy value, protein, carbohydrate and fat content....
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