Neurosurgery Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
This work was supported by Beijing Municiple Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program(PX2020039), Beijing, China & Tsinghua Precision Medicine Foundation(20219990008), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Degeneration of medial layer of elastic arteries with deposition of collagen is termed arterial stiffness, and considered as a risk factor of cardiovascular events. Several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness, and there are a lot of diseases that associated with arterial stiffness.
Hypertension is the most common health concern worldwide and one of the most major risk factors for cardiovascular disorders, stroke, myocardial infarction and renal disease, affecting up to 20-30 % of the general population. Also, hypertension is a complex and multifactorial illness with genetic, environmental, inflammatory and demographic factors.
Spinal Cord Stimulation is a minimally invasive, reversible therapy implemented with sophisticated techniques and implanted equipment, including different types of electrodes and pulse generators. In medical literature use of SCS to treat peripheral vascular disease since 1976 is well known.
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is defined as having partial or complete obstruction in one or more peripheral arteries. It is estimated that approximately 200 million people worldwide have lower limb PAD with a symptom spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to serious.
A century ago, the life insurance industry provided convincing evidence for the relationship between blood pressure and mortality [1]. Despite some notable skeptics, Investigators had already begun searching for the cause of hypertension [2]. For more than half a century, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), other federal agencies, and professional societies have funded both basic and clinical/translational research that has contributed to an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertension and to the development and implementation
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